| Command |
Use |
Like DOS |
Command Example (Explanation) |
|---|
| |
|
apropos
|
locate commands by keyword lookup
|
No Equivalent
|
apropos copy (displays commands that copy)
|
| |
|
cal
|
display a calendar
|
No Equivalent
|
cal (displays a calendar)
|
| |
|
cd
|
change directory
|
cd
|
cd / (changes to the root [/] directory)
|
| |
|
chgrp
|
modify file / directory group
|
cacls
|
chgrp users /Public (makes the users group owner of the /Public directory)
|
| |
|
cat
|
concatenate and write to the display
|
type
|
cat file.txt (shows the contents of file.txt)
cat file1.txt file2.txt > file3.txt (combines the contents of file1 and file2 into file3)
|
| |
|
chmod
|
modify file / directory permissions
|
cacls
|
chmod 777 file (allows every read, write, and execute permissions to "file")
|
| |
|
chown
|
modify file / directory owner
|
cacls
|
chown user1 file.txt (changes the owner of file.txt to user1)
|
| |
|
chsh
|
changes the shell of the user
|
No Equivalent
|
chsh user1 (starts change shell routine for user1)
|
| |
|
clear
|
clear the screen
|
cls
|
clear (clears the display)
|
| |
|
cp
|
copy file
|
copy
|
cp file1.txt file2.txt (copies file1.txt to file2.txt)
|
| |
|
cpio
|
copy file in and out of an archive
|
No Equivalent
|
|
Many Options... Topic coming soon...
|
| |
|
date
|
displays current date and time
|
date
|
date (displays current time and date)
|
| |
|
df
|
show free space on mounted filesystems
|
No Equivalent
|
df (shows free space on filesystems)
|
| |
dhcpcd / dhcpr
(depending on distro)
|
request ip configuration via DHCP
|
ipconfig
|
dhcpcd eth0 (gets a dynamic IP for the first interface)
dhcpr eth0 (gets a dynamic IP for the first interface)
|
| |
|
diff
|
find differences between files
|
comp
|
diff file1.txt file2.txt (displays the differences between file1 and file2)
|
| |
|
dig
|
nameserver query
|
nslookup
|
dig @10.10.10.1 www.TheLinuxRevolution.net (queries the DNS server 10.10.10.1 for ip name information for www.TheLinuxRevolution.net)
|
| |
|
du
|
show how much space files / directories use
|
No Equivalent
|
du -hs * (shows size for every file / directory in this directory)
|
| |
|
echo
|
display to the screen
|
echo
|
echo "This is a test" (Displays 'This is a test' to the screen)
|
| |
|
file
|
display the file type
|
No Equivalent
|
file file1.txt (shows the type of file file1.txt is)
|
| |
|
ftp
|
use ftp
|
ftp
|
ftp ftp.ftpserver.com (begins an ftp session with "ftp.ftpserver.com")
|
| |
|
groups
|
display a user's group membership
|
No Equivalent
|
groups user1 (displays the groups that user1 belongs to)
|
| |
|
--help (after a command)
|
help on a command
|
/?
|
cp --help (gives help info on the command "cp")
|
| |
|
history
|
display command history
|
No Equivalent
|
history (shows the command history with associated numbers)
!7 (runs history command number 7 [displayed in numbers from "history" command)
|
| |
|
ifconfig
|
show / configure settings for network interfaces
|
ipconfig
|
ifconfig eth0 (displays the settings for the first network interface)
ifconfig eth1 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 (configures the addresses for the second network interface)
|
| |
|
kill
|
terminate a process
|
No Equivalent
|
kill <ProccessID> (kills the process with <ProccessID>)
|
| |
|
less
|
like more, but allows backward movement
|
No Equivalent
|
less file1.txt (allows upward and downward paging of file1.txt)
|
| |
|
ls
|
list files / directories
|
dir
|
ls (shows file and directory contents of the current directory)
|
| |
|
man (before a command)
|
show a command's manual page
|
No Equivalent
|
man cp (displays the manual page for the command "cp")
|
| |
|
mkdir
|
make directory
|
mkdir
|
mkdir Dir1 (creates a directory named "Dir1")
|
| |
|
mount
|
mount
|
No Equivalent
|
mount /dev/hdc /mnt/cdrom (mounts the device /dev/hdc to the mountpoint /mnt/cdrom)
|
| |
|
more
|
page through text one screenful at a time
|
more
|
more file1.txt (pages forward through file1.txt)
|
| |
|
mv
|
move / rename file / directory
|
move / ren
|
mv /home/user/file1.txt /file1.txt (moves /home/user/file1.txt to the root directory)
mv file1.txt file2.txt (renames file1.txt to file2.txt)
|
| |
|
nice (before a command)
|
run command at a lower priority
|
No Equivalent
|
nice cp * /Copied/ (copies all files in the current directory to the directory "/Copied", but does not use a lot of resources if resources are needed for other processes. Nice can be used in front of most commands)
|
| |
|
passwd
|
change a password
|
No Equivalent
|
passwd user1 (enters the password change routine for user1 [only root can change other's passwords])
|
| |
|
ping
|
send ICMP packets
|
ping
|
ping 10.10.10.1 (pings 10.10.10.1 [press Ctrl + c to stop pinging])
|
| |
|
ps
|
show info on processes
|
No Equivalent
|
ps -u user1 (shows processes running for user1)
|
| |
|
pwd
|
display the name of the current directory
|
cd
|
pwd (displays the "present working directory")
|
| |
|
rm
|
deletes files / directories
|
del
|
rm file1.txt (removes file1.txt)
rm -rf Dir1 (removes the directory "Dir1" and all files underneath it, without prompting for confirmation to delete each file)
|
| |
|
sleep
|
suspend execution for a specified interval
|
No Equivalent
|
sleep 10 (waits for 10 seconds)
|
| |
|
su
|
temporarily run as super-user (root)
|
runas
|
su (prompts for root's password, processes can then be run as root)
|
| |
|
sudo
|
very temporarily run as super-user (root)
|
runas
|
sudo cp file1.txt file2.txt (prompts for root's password, then copies file1.txt to file2.txt as root)
|
| |
|
tail
|
show the last few lines of a file
|
No Equivalent
|
tail file1.txt (shows the last few lines of file1.txt [10 by default])
|
| |
|
telnet
|
start a telnet session
|
telnet
|
telnet Server1 (begins a telnet session with Server1)
|
| |
|
touch
|
create blank file / update file
|
No Equivalent
|
touch file1.txt (creates a blank file named file1.txt, or updates its last accessed time if file1.txt already exists)
|
| |
|
traceroute
|
perform a traceroute
|
tracert
|
traceroute www.google.com (performs a traceroute to www.google.com)
|
| |
|
umount
|
unmount a filesystem
|
No Equivalent
|
umount /mnt/cdrom (unmounts the cdrom drive)
|
| |
|
uptime
|
show uptime info about the machine
|
No Equivalent
|
uptime (shows uptime information)
|
| |
|
vi
|
start the visual text editor
|
edit
|
vi file1.txt (edit [or create] the file file1.txt)
|
| |
|
whereis
|
locate a file
|
No Equivalent
|
whereis cp (gives the filesystem location of the "cp" command)
|
| |
|
who
|
show who is logged on to the machine
|
No Equivalent
|
who (displays all currently logged in users)
|
| |
|
whoami
|
display the currently logged on user
|
No Equivalent
|
whoami (displays the user you are currently logged in as [helpful with "su" sessions])
|
| |
